Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors

When you kowMultiply byTo find
Millimeters0.04inches
Centimeters0.39inches
Meters3.3feet
Kilometers0.62miles
Hectares2.47acres
Square kilometers0.39square miles
Cubic meters35.3cubic feet
Liters0.26gallons
Kilograms2.2pounds
Metric tons0.98long tons
1.1short tons
2,204pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)1.8 and add 32degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Population, Selected Years, 1600- 1991

(in thousands)
YearPopulationYearPopulation
16001,80019607,047
17002,10019707,467
18003,06419807,549
18503,65019857,558
19006,00419907,718
19306,68419917,796

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1993, Vienna, 1993, 13.

Table 3. Population by Province, 1951, 1981, and 1991

(in thousands)
Province195119811991
Burgenland276270271
Carinthia475536548
Lower Austria1,4001,4281,474
Salzburg327442482
Styria1,1091,1871,185
Tirol427587631
Upper Austria1,1091,2701,333
Vorarlberg194305331
Vienna1,6161,5311,540
TOTAL*6,9347,5557,796

*Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1993, Vienna, 1993, 13.

Table 4. Population of Official Ethnic Groups, Selected Years, 1910-81

YearCroatsSlovenesCzechs and SlovaksHungarians
191044,24374,210119,44726,570
195134,42742,0954,118 5,566
197128,08423,5797,967114,8152
198122,37118,3715,16812,415

1 Increase caused by naturalization of Czech and Slovak asylum-seekers after Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968.
2 Increase caused by naturalization of Hungarian asylum- seekers after failed Hungarian Revolution of 1956.

Source: Based on information from Jim Sweeney and Josef Weidenholzer (eds.), Austria: A Study in Modern Achievement, Aldershot, United Kingdom, 1988, 252.

Table 5. Overview of Education System, Academic Year 1990-91

Type of InstitutionNumber of SchoolsNumber of TeachersNumber of Students
Preschool and kindergarten4,71516,794217,414
Elementary and middle schools5,07468,953648,719
Basic vocational school2384,530149,806
Middle vocational school747---67,207
Vocational high school29918,292*99,109
Teacher-training high school44 7,12110,227
Academic high school32517,99983,801
Vocational college441552,863
Teacher-training college271,7156,281
University1811,511192,928

*Includes teachers at middle vocational schools.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1992, Vienna, 1992, 75.

Table 6. Enrollment of Students Aged Ten to Fourteen, Selected Academic Years, 1960-61 to 1990-91

YearAHS1HS2 Ratio AHS:HS
1960-6150,773205,9651:4.1
1970-7181,232308,9351:3.8
1980-81102,743367,6111:3.6
1990-9192,818238,9531:2.6

1 Allgemeinbildende Höhere Schule (higher school of general education). Provides schooling leading to university study or advanced technical training.
2 Hauptschule (middle school). Provides compulsory general education.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1991, Vienna, 1991, 80.

Table 7. University Attendance, Selected Academic Years, 1955-56 to 1991-92

YearStudents EnrolledPercentage of MalesPercentage of FemalesDegrees Awarded
1955-56 19,12480202,970
1960-61 38,53377233,257
1970-71 53,15275256,025
1980-81115,61660408,047
1990-91192,92856449,694
1991-92201,6155644n.a.

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1992, Vienna, 1992, 80.

Table 8. Principal Causes of Death by Gender, 1989 and 1990

(per 100,000 of the same gender)
Cause19891990
MalesFemalesMales Females
Cardiovascular diseases505.4329.7477.9317.2
Cancer263.5160.9262.7159.5
Accidents99.537.994.835.2
Respiratory diseases58.225.258.726.3
Cirrhosis of the liver42.713.141.913.2
Suicide35.612.533.811.5
Other69.4 68.670.469.7
TOTAL1,074.3647.91,040.2632.6

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1991, Vienna, 1991, 441; and Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1992, Vienna, 1992, 453.

Table 9. Gross Domestic Product by Sector, Selected Years, 1960-90

(in percentages)
Sector196019701980 1990
Agriculture and forestry11.16.94.43.1
Mining and manufacturing36.634.428.326.6
Power and water supply2.82.83.12.5
Construction7.68.28.27.0
Trade and tourism15.518.116.816.4
Transportation and communications6.05.95.86.2
Property administration6.28.412.016.7
Other services2.93.03.24.0
Less imputed bank service charges- 2.3-3.1-4.5-5.8
Other10.911.913.713.8
Import levies2.73.50.60.7
Value-added taxn.a.n.a.8.58.8
TOTAL*100.0100.0100.0100.0

n.a.--not available.
* Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1991, Vienna, 1991, 210.

Table 10. Labor Force by Sector, 1970, 1980, and 1990

(in percentages of total work force)
Sector197019801990
Agriculture and forestry18.810.57.9
Mining and quarrying1.00.60.4
Manufacturing30.029.527.0
Electricity, gas, and water1.11.31.2
Construction8.28.88.4
Wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels14.217.118.6
Transportation, storage, and commerce6.36.36.4
Finance, insurance, and business services3.45.06.5
Communal, social, and personal services16.520.823.7
Activities not adequately defined0.30.1---
TOTAL*100.0100.0100.0

---means negligible.
*Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1991, Vienna, 1991, 108; and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Economic Surveys, 1991-1992: Austria, Paris, 1992, 160-61.

Table 11. Distribution of Trade, 1970, 1980, and 1990

(in percentages)
197019801990
Exports
EC139.455.264.5
EFTA225.312.410.1
Eastern Europe312.912.18.5
OPEC4n.a.5.62.7
West Germany23.430.836.7
Switzerland10.47.56.9
Italy9.711.09.8
Britain6.13.73.9
United States4.12.23.2
Netherlands2.92.62.9
Soviet Union2.92.72.2
France2.23.54.8
Japan0.50.81.6
Imports
EC56.062.468.3
EFTA19.17.97.1
Eastern Europe9.39.76.0
OPECn.a.7.12.1
West Germany 41.240.843.7
Switzerland7.45.04.3
Britain6.82.72.6
Italy6.59.19.1
France3.53.94.2
United States3.43.43.6
Netherlands2.92.72.8
Soviet Union2.24.21.8
Japan1.02.44.5

n.a.--not available.
1 European Community. In November 1993, it became known as the European Union.
2 European Free Trade Association.
3 Does not include the Soviet Union.
4 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1972, Vienna, 1972, 196-97; Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1982, Vienna, 1982, 369; and Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1991, Vienna, 1991, 310.

Table 12. Balance of Payments, 1989 and 1991

(in millions of United States dollars)
19891991
Merchandise exports, f.o.b.*31,83240,136
Merchandise imports, f.o.b.- 38,437-52,186
Trade balance-6,605-12,050
Exports of services18,84126,064
Imports of services-10,931-12,524
Other income received6,8769,893
Other income paid-7,965-11,693
Private unrequited transfers (net)- 57166
Official unrequited transfers (net)- 72-108
Current account balance59-252
Direct investment (net)-66-768
Portfolio investment (net)1,197574
Other capital (net)-300211
Capital account balance83117
Errors and ommissions (net)1061,107
Overall balance996872

*f.o.b.--free on board.

Source: Based on information from The Europa World Year Book, 1993, 1, London, 1993, 412.

Table 13. Selected Nationalrat Election Results, 1945-90

(in percentages of valid votes and number of seats)
YearSPÖ1ÖVP2 FPÖ3KPÖ 4Greens5
PercentageSeatsPercentage SeatsPercentageSeatsPercentage SeatsPercentageSeats
194545765085--- ---54------
194939674477121655------
195342734174111454------
1956437446827643------
1959457844798830------
1962447645817830------
1966437448855610------
1970488145786610------
19715093438061010------
19755193438051010------
19795195427761110------
19834890438151210------
19864380417710181058
199043803260173300510

--- means not applicable.
1 Sozialistische Partei Österreichs (Socialist Party of Austria).
2 Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People's Party).
3 Freiheitlich Partei Österreichs (Freedom Party of Austria).
4 Kommunistische Partei Österreichs (Communist Party of Austria).
5 Greens are those environmentalist groups elected to the Nationalrat. The various groups that make up the Greens were formed in the 1980s. They gained their first seats in 1986.

Source: Based on information from Austria, Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt, Statistisches Handbuch für die Republik Österreich, 1991, Vienna, 1991, 424.

Table 14. Presidents of Austria, 1945-

NameYears in OfficeParty Allegiance
Karl Renner1945-50SPÖ1
Theodor Körner1951-57-do-
Adolf Schärf1957-65-do-
Franz Jonas1965-74-do-
Rudolf Kirchschläger1974-86-do-
Kurt Waldheim1986-92ÖVP2
Thomas Klestil1992--do-

1 Sozialistische Partei Österreichs (Socialist Party of Austria). In 1991 the name changed to Social Democratic party of Austria (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs--SPÖ).
2 Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People's Party).

Table 15. Governments of Austria, 1945-

Period in PowerChancellor and Party AffiliationParties in Government
1945Karl Renner (SPÖ)1SPÖ, ÖVP2, KPÖ3
1945-49Leopold Figl (ÖVP)-do-
1949-53-do-SPÖ, ÖVP
1953-56Julius Raab (ÖVP)-do-
1956-59-do--do-
1959-61Alphons Gorbach (ÖVP)-do-
1961-64-do--do-
1964-66Josef Klaus (ÖVP)-do-
1966-70-do-ÖVP
1970-83Bruno Kreisky (SPÖ)SPÖ
1983-86Fred Sinowatz (SPÖ)SPÖ, FPÖ4
1986-Franz Vranitzky (SPÖ)SPÖ, ÖVP

1 SPÖ--Sozialistische Partei Österreichs (Socialist Party of Austria). In 1991 the name changed to Social Democratic Party of Austria (Sozialdemoktatische Partei Österreichs--SPÖ).
2 ÖVP--Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People's Party).
3 KPÖ--Kommunistische Partei Österreichs (Communist Party of Austria).
4 FPÖ--Freiheitlich Partei Österreichs (Freedom Party of Austria).

Source: Based on information from Jim Sweeney and Josef Weidenholzer (eds.), Austria: A Study in Modern Achievement, Aldershot, United Kingdom, 1988, 278-79.

Table 16. Major Military Equipment, 1993

Type and DescriptionCountry of OriginIn Inventory
Army
Main battle tanks
M-60A3United States169
Armored personnel carriers
Saurer 4K-4E/FAustria465
Tank destroyers
Kürassier SK-105-do-285
Self-propelled artillery
M-109A2 155mm howitzersUnited States54
Towed artillery
IFH (M-2A1), 105mm-do-108
M-114, 155mm-do-24
Fortress artillery
SFK M-2, 155mmSweden24
Mortars
M-2, 107mmUnited States102
M-43, 120mmAustria274
Multiple rocket launchers
M-51, 130mmCzechoslovakia18
Antitank guided missiles
RBS-56 BILLSweden118
Antitank guns
M-52/-55, 85mmCzechoslovakia240
M-47 tank turrets, 90mmUnited States60
Centurion tank turrets, 105mmBritain200
Air defense guns
M-58 Oerlikon, 20mmSwitzerland560
Oerlikon twin, towed, 35mm-do-74
M-42 twin, self-propelled, 40mmUnited States38
Air force
Fighter/ground attack aircraft
Saab 1050Sweden30
Fighter aircraft
Draken J-350e-do-24
Helicopters
Agusta-Bell AB-212, medium, transportItaly23
Agusta-Bell AB-204, light, transport-do-8
Bell OH-58B Kiowa, reconnaissanceUnited States12
A-316B Alouette III, search and air rescueFrance24
Light transport/liaison
Short Skyvan 3MBritain2
Pilatus PC-6B Turbo PorterSwitzerland11
Air defense weapons
M-65 twin Oerlikon, 35mm guns-do-18

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1993- 1994, London, 1993, 72.

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Comments: lcweb@loc.gov(02/06/97)