Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors

When you kowMultiply byTo find
Millimeters0.04inches
Centimeters0.39inches
Meters3.3feet
Kilometers0.62miles
Hectares2.47acres
Square kilometers0.39square miles
Cubic meters35.3cubic feet
Liters0.26gallons
Kilograms2.2pounds
Metric tons0.98long tons
1.1short tons
2,204pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)1.8 and add 32degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Population and Growth Rate by Region, 1980-85

Population1 Growth Rate2
Region198019811982198 31984198519801981198 219831984 1985
Altiplano2,9573,0373,1223,2043,2923,382n.a.2.72.82.62.72.7
Yungas and other valleys1,5191,5561,5911,6321,6311,712 n.a.2.42.32.62.42.4
Lowlands1,1231,1631,2031,2461,2891,335n.a.3.53.53.5 3.53.5
TOTAL35,6005,7555,9166,0826,2136,429n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a. n.a.n.a.

n.a.--not available.
1 In thousands.
2 In percentages.
3 Figures may not add to total because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from Bolivia, Ministerio de Planeamiento y Coordinación, Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Bolivia en cifras, 1985,2 La Paz, 1986, 38-40.

Table 3. Projected Rural and Urban Growth Rate, Selected Years, 1990-2025

Population1 Growth Rate2Percentage of Total Population
1990199520002025 1990 19952000202519901995 20002025
Rural3,6363,9864,3367,0441.61.91.71.149n.a.4440
Urban3,7634,5715,50210,5654.24.03.82.351n.a.5660
TOTAL37,4008,5579,83917,6092.92.92.93.5100100100100

n.a.--not available.
1 In thousands.
2 In percentages.
3 Figures may not add to total because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from Bolivia, Instituto Geográfico Militar, Atlas de Bolivia, Barcelona, 1985, 196; and Carlos F. Toranzo (ed.), Bolivia hacia el 2000, Caracas, 1989, 180.

Table 4. Estimated Enrollment of School-Aged Population by Education Level and Sex, 1965, 1973, and 1987

(in percentages)
Level196519731987
Primary school
Male869194
Female606281
Both sexes737687
Secondary school
Male212838
Female152032
Both sexes182435

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Social Indicators of Development, 1987, Washington, 1987.

Table 5. Probability of Dying Before Age Five by Region, Rural-Urban Breakdown, and Department, 1976

Before Age OneBefore Age TwoBefore Age Five
Region
Altiplano.16.22.27
Yungas and other valleys.17.23.28
Lowlands.11.15.17
Area
Urban.12.17.19
Rural.17.24.29
Department
Beni.11.14.17
Chuquisaca.18.26.32
Cochabamba.17.24.29
La Paz.14.20.23
Oruro.16.22.27
Pando.13.18.21
Potosí.20.28.35
Tarija.13.17.20
Santa Cruz.12.16.18

Source: Based on information from United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Oficina Regional de Educación de la UNESCO para América Latina y el Caribe, Informaciones estadísticas de la educación y análisis cuantitativo, Santiago, Chile, July 1983, 38.

Table 6. Area and Output of Major Agricultural Commodities, 1984-88

Commodity19841985 198619871988
Area1Output2 AreaOutputAreaOutputArea OutputArea Output
Barley90729576908486678075
Corn3193370231460175385174360160350
Potatoes143664198768190670196625190700
Rice121166119173871269418090140
Wheat89699268826077508860
Cotton621031148294
Soybeans3771438168148438265150
Sugar7718278182831907316762140

1 In thousands of hectares.
2 In thousands of tons.
3 Includes only yellow Cuban corn, not the more common white corn grown in Bolivia.

Source: Based on information from Gary C. Groves, "Bolivia: Agricultural Situation Report," Washington, March 30, 1988, 24- 25.

Table 7. Exports and Imports of Major Agricultural Commodities, 1984-88

(in thousands of tons)
Commodity19841985 198619871988
ImportsExportsImports ExportsImportsExportsImportsE xportsImportsExports
Barley250200250250250
Corn1020010000000
Potatoes0000000000
Rice02002020000350
Wheat27403300270202802028020
Cotton20.530.6252000
Soybeans000001708010
Sugar01706018035100

1 Includes only yellow Cuban corn, not the more common white corn grown in Bolivia.
2 Includes wheat equivalent of flour.

Source: Based on information from Gary C. Groves, "Bolivia: Agricultural Situation Report," Washington, March 30, 1988, 24- 25.

Table 8. Production and Exports of Petroleum and Natural Gas, 1980-85

1980198119821983 19841985
Production
Crude petroleum11,3841,2861,4181,2881,2111,152
Refined products11,5031,3521,3731,2421,2341,220
Natural gas2,34,7804,9695,3205,0414,9054,644
Exports
Crude petroleum and refined products11041426190n.a.n.a.
Natural gas32,0402,1962,2972,2272,2102,216

n.a.--not available.
1 In thousands of cubic meters.
2 Includes rejected gas.
3 In millions of cubic meters.

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Bolivia, 1988-89, London, 1988, 16.

Table 9. Production of Selected Minerals, 1986 and 1987

(in kilograms fine content)
TotalComibol1 Medium MinersSmall Miners2
Mineral19861987198619 871986198719861987
Tin10,382,6188,128,0444,231,972383,8103,203,4702,237,3302,947,1765,506,904
Lead2,750,7079,042,4201,319,5401,005,040364,1886,534,1901,066,9791,503,190
Zinc33,296,04639,122,3113,915,4022,899,81028,294,99935,275,5671,085,645946,934
Tungsten (wolfram)31,360,768804,34957,9080717,907501,137 584,953303,212
Silver87,909140,21633,65040,05035,61672,46118,64327,705
Bismuth43,36263841,1140002,248638
Antimony10,243,18210,635,422007,190,3946,827,2223,052,7883,808,200
Cadmium33,84614,62018,77014,62015,076000
Gold (in fine grams)763,0052,755,2901,0970295,5434487,5804466,36542,267,7104

1 Corporación Minera de Bolivia (Mining Corporation of Bolivia).
2 Includes other exporters and mining cooperatives.
3 In wolframite content.
4 Gold purchased by Mining Bank of Bolivia (Banco Minero de Bolivia -- Bamin) from gold cooperatives and small miners. Does not reflect total gold production.

Source: Based on information from United States, Department of Commerce, Bolivia Minerals Report, FY 1987, Washington, 1987, Appendix 2, 2, and Appendix 3, 3.

Table 10. Exports, Selected Years, 1980- 87

Value1 Percentage of Total ExportsRate of Growth2
Commodity198419851986 1987319801987319 841985198619873
Traditional
Metallic tin191.0134.055.013.023.12.39.1- 29.8-59.0- 76.4
Tin concentrates57.053.049.056.013.49.878.1- 7.0-7.514.3
Silver21.010.027.033.011.45.8-63.8- 52.4170.022.2
Zinc37.029.028.033.03.65.812.1- 21.6-3.417.9
Tungsten (wolfram)19.010.07.05.04.50.9-5.0- 47.4-30.0- 28.6
Antimony23.016.014.023.02.54.043.7- 30.4-12.564.3
Other minerals16.012.017.044.03.47.723.1- 25.041.7158.8
Natural gas376.0373.0329.0248.021.343.6-0.5- 0.8-11.8-24.6
Other hydrocarbons13.02.04.08.03.31.4-69.0- 84.6100.0100.0
Total traditional753.0639.0530.0463.086.586.3-1.8- 15.3-17.1- 12.5
Nontraditional
Sugar7.02.05.08.04.91.4-41.6- 71.4150.060.0
Coffee7.014.013.011.02.01.9-46.2100.0-7.115.4
Timber6.07.023.031.02.95.4-25.016.7228.634.8
Other9.011.067.056.04.59.8-47.122.2509.1- 16.4
Total nontraditional29.034.0108.0106.014.318.5-42.0 17.2217.6-1.9
TOTAL782.0673.0638.0569.0100.04100.04-4.3 -14.1-5.2-10.7

1 In millions of current United States dollars; cost, insurance, and freight.
2 In percentages.
3 Preliminary.
4 Figures do not add to total because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from United Nations, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Estudio económico de América Latina y el Caribe, 1987: Bolivia, Santiago, Chile, 1988, 19.

Table 11. Imports, Selected Years, 1980- 87

CommodityValue1 Percentage of Total Imports Rate of Growth2
1984198519861987 31980198731984 1985198619873
Consumer goods
Nondurable42.037.043.052.015.46.7-8.7- 11.916.220.9
Durable53.070.071.073.09.89.4165.032.11.42.8
Total consumer goods95.0107.04114.0125.025.216.1-43.912.66.59.6
Raw materials and intermediate goods
For agriculture18.015.022.022.01.62.863.6- 16.746.7n.a.
For industry152.0185.0200.0245.030.331.5-32.121.78.122.5
Construction materials32.021.034.044.04.75.7-25.6- 34.461.929.4
Fuel and lubricants2.02.02.33.3n.a.0.4-50.0n.a.15.043.5
Total raw materials and intermediate goods204.0223.0 258.3314.336.640.4- 27.79.315.821.7
Capital goods
For agriculture14.022.045.038.02.04.9100.057.1104.5- 15.6
For industry103.0109.0173.0180.021.423.2-33.95.858.7 4.0
Transport equipment68.071.0113.0105.011.913.515.34.459.2 - 7.1
Total capital goods185.0202.0331.0323.035.341.6-16.6 9.263.9-2.4
Other5.021.010.015.02.41.9-52.6320.0-52.450.0
TOTAL489.0553.0713.3777.3100.0100.0-16.313.129.09.0

n.a.--not available.
1 In millions of current United States dollars; cost, insurance, and freight.
2 In percentages.
3 Preliminary.
4 Figures do not add to total because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from United Nations, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Estudio económico de América Latina y el Caribe, 1987: Bolivia, Santiago, Chile, 1988, 20.

Table 12. Balance of Payments, 1983, 1985, and 1987

(in millions of United States dollars)
198319851987
Exports of goods1755.1623.4470.0
Imports of goods1- 496.0-462.8- 658.0
Trade balance259.1160.6-188.0
Exports of services143.9114.0143.0
Imports of services-647.3-636.5-572.0
Net private transfers40.219.720.2
Net official transfers65.259.8109.0
Subtotal-398.0- 443.0-299.8
Current account balance- 138.9-282.4- 487.8
Direct investment6.910.022.0
Portfolio investment-1.8-0.9n.a.
Other long-term capital- 221.2-243.9- 90.8
Short-term capital-113.5-2.27.8
Capital account balance- 329.6-237.0- 61.0
Errors and omissions71.5187.9-1.2
Counterpart items6.03.7-23.8
Exceptional financing668.4352.6441.8
Liabilities-230.4-62.740.9
Change in reserves2- 47.037.991.1

n.a.--not available.
1 Free on board.
2 Minus sign indicates increase in reserves.

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Bolivia, 1988-89, London, 1988, 23-24.

Table 13. Law-Making Process, 1989

StepDescription
Step 1Bill is introduced in either chamber by senators,deputies, vice president, cabinet members, or thepresident. House where bill is introduced becomes chamber of origin; the "review chamber" is thesecond chamber.
Step 2Bill may be voted on or sent to committee for a report.
Step 3If bill is sent to committee, committee must submit report on bill before whole chamber. Bill is either approved, rejected, or sent back to committee. Once a bill is rejected, it cannot be resubmitted in either chamber until next legislative year.
Step 4Bill is introduced in review chamber, where it must go through same process.
Step 5aIf bill is modified in review chamber, it is sent back to first chamber.
Step 5bIf review chamber rejects bill, it cannot be reintroduced until next legislative year.
Step 6If revisions of bill are not accepted by first chamber, the president of either chamber must convoke a joint session within twenty days.
Step 7A bill approved by both houses is sent to the president, who has ten days to take action.
Step 8aIf the president takes no action within ten days, the bill becomes law. If the legislative year ends before the ten days are over, the president may introduce reforms in next legislative year.
Step 8bIf the president makes modifications, bill must be sent back to chamber where it was introduced. If changes are approved by both houses, the bill must be returned to the president for signing.
Step 9If both chambers reject the president's changes, a two-thirds majority can overturn a presidential veto.

Source: Based on information from Eduardo A. Gamarra, "Political Stability, Democratization, and the Bolivian National Congress," Pittsburgh, 1987.

Table 14. Composition of the National Congress, May 1989

SenateChamber of DeputiesTotal
MNR194049
ADN283846
MIR383341
Condepa42911
IU51010
TOTAL27130157

1Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionaria (Nationalist Revolutionary Movement).
2Acción Democr tica Nacionalista (Nationalist Democratic Action).
3Movimiento de la Izquierda Revolucionaria (Movement of the Revolutionary Left).
4Conciencia de la Patria (Conscience of the Fatherland).
5Izquierda Unida (United Left).

Table 15. Transition to Democracy, 1971- 89

PeriodHead of GovernmentNature of GovernmentSource of AuthorityOutcome of Government
1971-78Hugo Banzer SuárezMilitary, de factoCoup d'étatCoup d'état
1978Juan Pereda Asbún-do--do- -do-
1978-79David Padilla Arancibia-do- -do-Stepped down
1979Walter Guevara ArzeCivilian, constitutionalElected by CongressCoup d'état
1979Alberto Natusch BuschMilitary, de factoCoup d'étatForced tostep down
1979-80Lidia Gueiler Tejada Civilian, constitutionalElected by CongressCoup d'état
1980-81Luis García Meza TejadaMilitary, de factoCoup d'étatResigned
1981Celso Torrelio Villa, Waldo Bernal Pereira, Oscar Pammo Rodríguez-do-Named by García Meza-do-
1981-82Celso Torrelio Villa-do- Named by military junta-do-
1982Guido Vildoso Calderón-do- Named by armed forcesStepped down
1982-85Hernán Siles ZuazoCivilian, constitutional Elected by CongressForced to call early elections
1985-89Víctor Paz Estenssoro-do- -do-Completed term
1989-Jaime Paz Zamora-do--do- In power 1989

Table 16. Election Results, May 1989

PartyCandidatesNumber of VotesPercentage of Vote
MNR1Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, Walter Guevara Arze 363,11323.1
ADN2Hugo Banzer Suárez, Luis Ossio Sanjinés 357,29822.7
MIR3Jaime Paz Zamora, Gustavo Fernandez 309,03319.6
IU4Antonio Aranibar, Walter Delgadillo113,5097.2
Condepa5Carlos Palenque, Jorge Cusicanqui Escobari 173,45911.0
PS-16Roger Cortez, Jerjes Justiniano 39,7632.5
MRTK7Víctor Hugo Cárdenas, Emmo Valeriano Thola22,9831.5
FULKA8Genaro Flores, Hermógenes Basualdo16,4161.0
FSB9Rommel Pantoja, Nestor W. Cerruto10,6080.7
MIN10Luis Sandóval Morón, Oscar García Suárez9,6870.6
Blank11n.a.68,6264.4
Null12n.a.89,2955.7
TOTAL1,573,790100.0

1Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (Nationalist Revolutionary Movement).
2Acción Democrática Nacionalista (Nationalist Democratic Action).
3Movimiento de la Izquierda Revolucionaria (Movement of the Revolutionary Left).
4Izquierda Unida (United Left).
5Conciencia de la Patria (Conscience of the Fatherland).
6Partido Socialista Uno (Socialist Party One).
7Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Katari (Túpac Katari Revolutionary Movement).
8Frente #Unica de Liberación Katarista (Sole Katarista Liberation Front).
9Falange Socialista Boliviana (Bolivian Socialist Falange). 10Movimiento de la Izquierda Nacionalista (Nationalist Leftist Movement).
11Ballots not filled out.
12Ballots nullified for some reason, e.g., defaced.

Source: Based on information from "Final Official Vote Count," Presencia [La Paz], May 28, 1989, 1.

Table 17. Major Army Equipment, 1989

Type and DescriptionCountry of OriginInventory
Light tanks
Alvis ScorpionBritain12
Steyr Sk 105mmAustria36
Armored combat vehicles
EE-9 CascavelBrazil24
Kürassier tank destroyersWest Germany18
Armored personnel carriers
M-113United States50
V-100 Commando-do-15
MOWAG RolandFrance24
EE-11 UrutuBrazil24
Artillery
M-116 75-mm Pack howitzersUnited States6
M-101 105-mm howitzers-do-6
Bofors M-1935 75-mm gunsSweden10
FH-18 howitzersn.a.20
Recoilless rifles
90-mmUnited States50
M-40A1 106-mm-do-n.a.
Mortars
60-mm-do-n.a.
M-30 107-mm-do-n.a.
M-29 81-mm-do-250
Aircraft
Beech Super King Air-do-1
Piper Cheyenne II-do-1
Casa C-212Spain1

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1989- 1990, London, 1989, 184; and "World Defence Almanac," Military Technology [Bonn], 13, No. 1, January 1989, 42.

Table 18. Major Naval Equipment, 1989

Type and DescriptionCountry of OriginInventory
Patrol craft
Various sizesn.a.32
PiranhasUnited States8
Patrol launch-do-1
Hospital-type patrol launchn.a.2
Sea-going vesselVenezuela1
Hydrographic research shipn.a.1
Transport shipn.a.1
Aircraft
Cessna 402United States1
Cessna 206-do-1

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1989- 1990, London, 1989, 184; and "World Defence Almanac," Military Technology [Bonn], 13, No. 1, January 1989, 42.

Table 19. Major Air Force Equipment, 1989

Type and DescriptionCountry of OriginInventory
Fixed-wing fighters
AT-33NCanada14
F-86F SabreUnited States4
Hughes 500M-do-10
Counterinsurgency
AT-6Gn.a.12
PC-7Switzerland12
Fixed-wing utility
CessnaUnited States24
Trainers
T-41D Mescalero-do-6
Cessna 172-do-3
Cessna 310-do-2
Cessna A-152-do-12
T-23 UriapuruBrazil18
SF-260CBItaly6
SF-260M-do-3
PC-7Switzerland24
T-33AUnited States18
Transports
L-188 Electra-do-1
Sabreliner 65-do-1
Super King Air-do-3
Cessna-do-3
C-130 Hercules-do-6
C-47-do-8
IAI-201 AravaIsrael4
F27-400 FriendshipNetherlands6
L-100-30 HerculesUnited States1
Convair 440-do-4
PC-6B Turbo PortersWest Germany17
Reconnaissance
Learjet 25BUnited States2
Cessna 402B-do-1
Helicopters
UH-1H-do-7
Bell 212-do-2
SA-315B/HB-315BFrance8
Artillery
20-mm Oerlikon gunsSwitzerland50

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1989- 1990, London, 1989, 184; and "World Defence Almanac," Military Technology [Bonn], 13, No. 1, January 1989, 42.

Library of Congress

Comments: lcweb@loc.gov(02/06/97)