COLOMBIA - A Country Study

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• Colombia
• Foreword
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• PREFACE
• COUNTRY PROFILE
  • COUNTRY
  • GEOGRAPHY
  • SOCIETY
  • ECONOMY
  • TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
  • GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
  • NATIONAL SECURITY
• INTRODUCTION
• Chapter 1. Historical Setting
  • THE SPANISH CONQUEST
    • The Pre-Columbian Era
    • Exploration and Conquest
  • COLONIAL SOCIETY, 1550-1810
    • Colonial Administration
    • The Colonial Economy
    • The Colonial Church
    • Developments Leading to Independence
  • THE FOUNDING OF THE NATION, 1810-1903
    • The Independence Movement
    • Gran Colombia
    • New Granada
    • Consolidation of Political Divisions
      • The Federalists
      • The Nationalists
  • THE PERIOD OF RECONCILIATION, 1903-30
    • The Reyes Presidency
    • Economic and Social Change
  • THE REFORMIST PERIOD, 1930-45
  • COLLAPSE OF THE DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM, 1946-58
    • La Violencia
    • The Rojas Pinilla Dictatorship
  • THE NATIONAL FRONT, 1958-74
    • Instituting the Coalition Government
    • Opposition to the National Front
    • Dismantling the Coalition Apparatus
  • THE POST-NATIONAL FRONT PERIOD, 1974-82
    • The Erosion of Partisan Affiliations
    • The Liberal Tenure
• Chapter 2. The Society and Its Environment
  • PHYSICAL SETTING
    • Geographic Regions
      • Andean Highlands
      • Caribbean Lowlands
      • Pacific Lowlands
      • Eastern Colombia
    • Climate
  • POPULATION AND URBANIZATION
    • Population Trends
    • Urbanization, Migration, and Immigration
  • RACE AND ETHNICITY
    • Historical Development
    • Contemporary Trends
  • SOCIAL CLASS
    • Upper Class
    • Middle Class
    • The Lower Class and the Masses
  • FAMILY LIFE
  • INCOME DISTRIBUTION
    • Rural Wages
    • Urban Wages
  • HEALTH AND WELFARE
    • General Indicators of Health
    • The Politics of Health: Priorities, Institutions, and Public Policy
    • National Health Care System
    • Social Security
  • RELIGION
    • The Church in Society
    • Trends Within the Church since the 1940s
  • EDUCATION
    • Historical Background
    • Administration and Finance
    • Primary Education
    • Secondary and University Education
    • Resource Allocation
  • DRUGS AND SOCIETY
• Chapter 3. The Economy
  • GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMY
  • MACROECONOMIC TRENDS
    • Economic Growth
    • Inflation and Unemployment
    • The Labor Movement
  • ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN THE ECONOMY
    • Fiscal and Monetary Policy
    • Parastatal Management
  • AGRICULTURE
    • Crops
    • Livestock
    • Forestry and Fishing
  • MINING AND ENERGY
    • Coal
    • Petroleum
  • INDUSTRY
  • SERVICES
    • Banking
    • Tourism
    • Utilities
    • Transportation and Communications
  • FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS
    • Foreign Trade
    • Direction of Trade
    • Balance of Payments
    • Foreign Debt
• Chapter 4. Government and Politics
  • THE GOVERNMENTAL SYSTEM
    • Constitutional Development
    • The Executive
    • The Legislature
    • The Judiciary
    • Public Administration
    • Local Government
    • The Electoral System
  • POLITICAL DYNAMICS
    • Traditional Parties
    • Factionalism
    • Minor Third Parties
    • Post-National Front Political Developments
    • Interest Groups
      • The Military
      • The Church
      • Economic Associations
      • Labor Unions
      • Students
    • News Media
  • FOREIGN RELATIONS
    • Relations with the United States
    • Relations with Latin America
    • Relations with World Organizations
    • Relations with Communist Countries
    • Relations with Other Nations
    • Foreign Policy Decision Making
• Chapter 5. National Security
  • BACKGROUND AND TRADITIONS OF THE ARMED FORCES
    • Historical Background
    • The Development of the Modern Armed Forces
      • Professionalization Efforts
      • The Leticia Conflict
      • The Establishment of United States Military Ties
      • The Legacy of La Violencia
      • Civic Action, Counterinsurgency, and Internal Security
    • Foreign Military Influence
    • Geopolitical Interests
      • Isla de San Andrés and Isla de Providencia
      • The Golfo de Venezuela and Islas Los Monjes
    • The Political Role of the Armed Forces
  • CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AND TREATY OBLIGATIONS
    • Constitutional Authority and the Legal Basis of the Armed Forces
    • Treaty Obligations
  • THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES
    • The Command Structure
    • Operational Command, Deployment, and Equipment
      • The National Army
      • The National Navy
      • The Colombian Air Force
    • Military Expenditures
    • Conscription and Military Service
    • The Military Education System
    • Uniforms, Ranks, and Insignia
  • THE NATIONAL POLICE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES
  • INTERNAL SECURITY PROBLEMS
    • Guerrilla and Terrorist Groups
      • The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
      • The 19th of April Movement
      • The National Liberation Army
      • The Popular Liberation Army
    • Narcotics Control and Interdiction
  • CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
    • Crime and Political Violence
    • The Penal System
• Appendix. Tables
• Bibliography
• Glossary