Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Major Cities, Census Years 1976 and 1986

City	1976	1986*
Tehran	4,496,000	6,022,000
Mashhad	670,000	1,419,000
Isfahan	671,000	928,000
Tabriz	598,000	808,000
Shiraz	416,000	800,000
Ahvaz	329,000	396,000
Kermanshah (Bakhtaran after 1979)	290,000	389,000
Qom	246,000	338,000
Rasht	187,000	259 000
Karaj	138,000	252,000
Abadan	296,000	250,000
Qazvin	139,000	244,000
Urumiyeh	163,000	219,000
Hamadan	155,000	207,000
Kerman	140,000	202,000

*Preliminary.

Table 3. Ethnic and Linguistic Groups, 1986

**(exclusive of refugees)**
Ethnic Group	Language	Population1	Percentage
Persians	Persian	23,100,000	51.0
Azarbaijanis	Turkic	11,500,000	25.2
Kurds	Kurdish	4,000,000	8.8
Gilakis and Mazandaranis	Persian dialects	3,450,000	7.5
Baluchis	Baluchi	600,000	1.3
Lurs	Luri	550,000	1.2
Arabs	Arabic	530,000	1.2
Fars Turks2	Turkic dialects	250,000	0.5
Qashqais	Turkish	250,000	0.5
Turkomans	-do-	250,000	0.5
Bakhtiaris	Luri	250,000	0.5
Armenians	Armenian	250,000	0.5
Assyrians	Assyrian	32,000	-- 3
Other	Persian and Turkic dialects, English, French, German, Georgian, Russian	600,000	1.3
TOTAL		45,612,000	100.0

1 Estimated; rounded off to nearest 10,000.
2 Includes Abivardis, Afshars, Baharlus, Inanlus, detribalized Qashqais, and other Turkic-speaking groups.
3 0.007 percent.

Source: Based on information from Patricia Higgins, "Minority-State Relations in Contemporary Iran," in Ali Banuazizi and Myron Weiner, eds., The State, Religion, and Ethnic Politics, Syracuse, 1986, 178.

Table 4. Non-Muslim Religious Minorities, 1986

Religious Minority	Language	Population*
Bahais	Persian, Turkish	350,000
Armenian Christians	Armenian	250,000
Jews	Persian, Kurdish	50,000
Assyrian Christians	Assyrian	32,000
Zoroastrians	Persian	32,000

*Estimated.

Table 5. Oil Production and Exports, 1980-85

**(in millions of barrels per day)**
	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985
Production	1.47	1.32	2.39	2.44	2.03	2.19
Exports	0.80	0.71	1.62	1.72	1.52	1.57

Source: Based on information from George Jaffe and Keith McLachlan, Iran and Iraq: The Next Five Years, Special Report No. 1083, Economist Intelligence Unit, London, 1987, 12.

Table 6. Estimated Production of Major Crops 1981, 1982, and 1983,

**(in thousands of tons)**
	1981-82	1982-83	1983-84
Barley	1,700	1,903	2,034
Cotton (lint)	275	358	300
Legumes	290	296	290
Oil Seeds*	105	138	188
Onions	675	965	736
Pistachios	122	95	84
Potatoes	1,540	1,814	1,740
Rice	1,624	1,605	1,215
Sugar beets	3,231	4,321	3,648
Sugar cane	1,677	1,810	2,053
Wheat	6,610	6,660	5,956

*Sunflower seeds and soybeans.

Source:Based on information from The Middle East and North Africa, 1987, London: Europa Publications, 1986, 416.

Table 7. Major Trading Partners, 1985

**(in percentages)**
Destination of exports from Iran		Sources of imports to Iran
Japan	15.9	West Germany	16.3
Italy	9.4	Japan	13.4
Turkey	8.8	Britain	6.7
Singapore	7.1	Italy	6.0
Syria	6.5	Turkey	5.9
Spain	5.6	Soviet Union	4.5
Netherlands	5.5	Singapore	3.9
France	5.0	Spain	2.8
United States	4.8	Argentina	2.8
Romania	4.4	Netherlands	2.7
West Germany	4.0	Kuwait	2.0
Other	23.0	Other	33.0
TOTAL	100.0	TOTAL	100.0

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Iran: Country Report, 1987, No. 1, London, 1987, 2.

Table 8. Armed Forces Manpower Selected Years, 1977-86

Type and Description	1977	1979	1982	1984	1986
Armed forces
Reserves	300,000	300,000	400,000	350,000	350,000
Army	220,000	285,0001	150,0002	250,0002	305,0002
Navy	22,000	30,000	10,000	20,000	14,500
Air force	100,000	100,000	35,000	35,000	35,500
Total armed forces	642,000	715,000	595,000	655,000	704,500
Paramilitary forces
Gendarmerie	70,000	74,000	5,000	5,000	70,000
Pasdaran	-	30,000	40,000	250,000	350,000
Basij	-	n.a.	n.a.	2,500,000	3,000,000
Mojahedin	-	n.a.	30,000	n.a.	n.a.
Total paramilitary forces	700,000	104,000	75,000	2,755,000	3,420,000
Forces abroad
Oman	1,000	5,0003	-	-	-
Syria (UNDOF)	3834	-	-	-	-
Lebanon	-	-	n.a.	650	1,000
Total forces abroad	1,383	5,000	-	650	1,000

n.a.--not available.
1 Sixty percent of the army is reported to have deserted in 1979 after the Revolution began. Figures given are for prerevolutionary period.
2 Conscripts made up 100,000 personnel for 1982 and 1984. The number was estimated at 200,000 for 1986.
3 The Oman contingent had grown to 5,000 by 1979, when it was brought home.
4 Some of the United Nations Disengagement Observation Force (UNDOF) soldiers also served in United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon, from which they were also withdrawn in 1979.

Table 9. Major Army Weapons, 1986

Type and Description	Number in Inventory
Tanks (medium)
T-54,T-55, T-59, T-62, T-72, Chieftain Mk3/5, M-47/-48, M-60A1	1,000
Tanks (light)
Scorpion	50
Armored vehicles
EE-9 Cascavel	130
BMP-1	180
BTR-50/60	500
M-113	250
EE-11 Urutu	300
Guns, howitzers (including self-propelled) and surface-to-surface missiles (SSM)
105mm, 130mm, 155mm, 175mm, 203mm	600
81mm, 120mm	3,000
SSM: Scud	n.a.
Recoilless rifles
57mm, 75mm, M-40 A/C 106mm	n.a.
Antiaircraft guns (including self-propelled) and surface-to-air missiles (SAM)
25mm, 57mm	1,500
SAM: Hawk/Improved Hawk, SA-7, RBS-70	n.a.
Antitank weapons
ENTAC, SS-11/-12, M-47 Dragon, BGM-71A TOW	n.a.
Fixed-wing aircraft
Cessna (185, 310, O-2A)	56
Fokker F-27	2
Rockwell Shrike Commander	5
Dassault Mystere-Falcon	2
Helicopters
AH-1J Cobra (attack)	n.a.
Bell 214A	270
AB-205A	35
CH-47C Chinook	n.a.

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London, 1986, 96.

Table 10. Major Naval Weapons, 1986

Type and Description	Number in Inventory
Destroyers
With surface-to-air missiles (SAM)	1
US Sumner-class	2
Submarines, Type-1200	6*
Frigates, with surface-to-surface missiles (SSM) and SAM	4
Corvettes, US PF-103	2
Fast patrol boats
Kaman (La Combattante 11) with 7 harpoon SSM	8
Patrol boats	7
Minesweepers (US MSC 292/268 coastal)	2
Landing ships and craft	8
Logistical support ships	4
Hovercraft, Wellington BH-7	2
Fixed-wing aircraft
Orion P-3F	2
Shrike Commander	4
Fokker F-27	4
Dassault Mystere-Falcon	1
Helicopters
Sikorsky SH-3D	10
Sikorsky RH-53D	2
AB-212	7

*On order; delivery pending end of Iran-Iraq War.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London, 1986, 96-97.

Table 11. Air Force Weapons, 1986

Type and Description	Number in Inventory
Fighter-bombers, with air-to-air missiles (AAM) and air-to-surface missiles (ASM)
F-4 D/E Phantom	35
Fighters
F-5 E/F Tiger	45
Fighters-interceptors
F-14A Tomcat	10
Reconnaissance
RF-4E	3
F-14A	5
Tankers-transports
Boeing 707	10
Boeing 747	7
Transports
C-130 E/H Hercules	26
Fokker F-27	9
Aero Commander 690	2
Falcon 20	4
Trainers
Bonanza F-33 A/C	26
Shooting Star T-33A	7
Pilatus PC-7	46
Shenyang J-6	2
Helicopters
AB-206A Jet Ranger	10
AB-212	5
Bell 214C	39
CH-47 Chinook	10
Sikorsky S-55 (HH-34F)	10
Sikorsky S-61A4	2
Surface-to-air missiles
Rapier	n.a.
Tigercat	25
Hawk (improved?)	1,000
Air-to-air missiles
Phoenix	n.a.
AIM-9 Sidewinder	n.a.
AIM-7 Sparrow	n.a.
Air-to-surface missiles
AS-12 Maverick	n.a.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London, 1986, 97.

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Comments: lcweb@loc.gov(02/06/97)